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10. Incarvillea Jussieu, Gen. Pl. 138. 1789.
角蒿属 jiao hao shu
Amphicome Royle, Neidzwedzkia B. Fedtschenko.
Herbs erect or prostrate, annual or perennial, with stems or stemless. Leaves simple or 1-3-pinnately divided. Inflorescences racemose, terminal. Calyx campanulate, teeth 5, triangular, rarely enlarged into glands at base. Corolla red or yellow, funnelform, bilabiate; lobes rounded, spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, included; anthers divergent, glabrous, spurred at base. Disc annular. Ovary sessile, 2-locular; ovules numerous, 1- or 2-rowed on each placenta. Stigma compressed, flabellate, 2-lobed. Capsule dehiscing loculicidally, long terete, erect or curved, acuminate, sometimes 4-6-angular. Seeds minute, compressed, laterally with or surrounded by transparent and membranous wings or filiform hairs.
About 16 species: Afghanistan, Bhutan, China, India, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; 12 species in China.
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| 1 |
Leaves simple, margin crenate |
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5 Incarvillea forrestii |
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Leaves pinnately divided or compound, margin entire or serrate. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves 2- or 3-pinnately divided. |
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(3) |
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Leaves 1-pinnately compound or divided. |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Plants with stems; leaves alternate; pedicel 1-5 mm; calyx ca. 5 mm, teeth subulate, base enlarged into glands |
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1 Incarvillea sinensis |
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Plants stemless; leaves basal; pedicel 5-15 mm; calyx 10-15 mm, teeth triangular, base not enlarged into glands |
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2 Incarvillea dissectifoliola |
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| 4 (2) |
Plants 1-2 m tall, with a distinct stem. |
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(5) |
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Plants 0.1-0.4 m tall, stemless or short stemmed. |
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(8) |
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| 5 (4) |
Calyx teeth subulate; capsule leathery, terete; anthers pubescent; seeds filiform pubescent at both ends; bracts ca. 3 mm |
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4 Incarvillea arguta |
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Calyx teeth triangular-lanceolate or semirounded; capsule subwoody, ± angled; anthers glabrous; seeds winged; bracts (5-)10-25 mm. |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Plants pale brown pubescent; flowers yellow; leaves divided |
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8 Incarvillea lutea |
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Plants glabrous; flowers red or rose; leaves compound. |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Calyx teeth semirounded or truncate, mucronate; lateral leaflets 3-4 cm wide |
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6 Incarvillea altissima |
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Calyx teeth broadly triangular, acute; lateral leaflets ca. 2 cm wide |
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7 Incarvillea beresowskii |
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| 8 (4) |
Leaves pinnately lobed, margin irregularly lobed or parted; calyx teeth subulate, base enlarged into glands |
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3 Incarvillea potaninii |
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Leaves usually pinnately compound, margin entire or serrate; calyx teeth triangular or long ovate, base not enlarged into glands. |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaflets entire; plants short stemmed |
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12 Incarvillea compacta |
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Leaflets serrate; plants stemless. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaflets scabrous; plants 10-20 cm tall |
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11 Incarvillea younghusbandii |
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Leaflets glabrous; plants 20-40 cm tall. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Lateral leaflets 4-11 pairs, long elliptic-lanceolate; base obtuse to subrounded; corolla ca. 6.5 cm; style ca. 3 cm |
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9 Incarvillea delavayi |
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Lateral leaflets 2-4(-8) pairs, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, base cordate or broadly cuneate; corolla 7-10 cm; style 5-7 cm |
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10 Incarvillea mairei |
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List of lower taxa
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